Qing Dynasty
Shunzhi Tongbao Type 5
Linqin Town Bureau
(Short Manchu Script Version)
清
順治通寶五式
臨清鎮局造
(短滿文版)
Item number: A1061-2
Year: AD 1660-1661
Material: Brass
Size: 27.0 x 26.9 x 1.0 mm
Weight: 3.95 g
Manufactured by: Linqin Town Bureau
Provenance:
1. Noonans 2022
2. D. L. F. Sealy Collection
This is a “Shunzhi Tongbao” coin minted during the reign of Shunzhi, the first emperor of the Qing Dynasty after their entry into China proper. The coin was minted in Linqing Directly Governed Prefecture of Shandong Province. It follows the typical square-holed coin design and is made of brass. On the obverse, the Chinese characters “Shunzhi Tongbao” are inscribed in sequence from top, bottom, right, and left. The reverse side bears inscriptions on both sides: the Manchu script “ᠯᠯᡳᠨ” (Lin) on the left and the corresponding Chinese character “Lin” on the right, indicating the minting location. Based on the reverse design, this coin is classified as the fifth type.
Compared to another coin in the museum’s collection, the Manchu and Chinese inscriptions on the reverse side of this coin appear shorter and thicker.
In Shandong Province, coin minting during the Qing Dynasty began in the 2nd year of Shunzhi (AD 1645) with the establishment of the Linqin Town Bureau in Linqing Directly Governed Prefecture, known as “Baolin Bureau.” The provincial capital, Jinan, did not establish its mint, the “Baodong Bureau,” until the 6th year of Shunzhi (AD 1649). In the 14th year of Kangxi (AD 1675), the operations of the Baolin Bureau were fully transferred to the Baodong Bureau, marking the end of the Baolin Bureau’s history.
During the 18-year reign of Emperor Shunzhi, the “Shunzhi Tongbao” coins were categorised into five major types based on the patterns on the reverse side:
| Type | Period | Feature |
| Type 1 | Shunzhi 1st-2nd (AD 1644-1645) | No inscription on the reverse side. |
| Type 2 | Shunzhi 2nd-8th (AD 1645-1651) | Single Chinese character indicating the casting unit on the reverse side. |
| Type 3 | Shunzhi 10th-14th (AD 1653-1657) | The reverse side of the coin features two sets of Chinese characters. The character on the left, “厘” (Cash), represents the coin’s value in relation to silver, while the character on the right indicates the minting authority responsible for producing the coin. |
| Type 4 | Shunzhi 14th-18th (AD 1657-1661) | Minted by the central Ministry of Revenue and Ministry of Works, these coins are of higher quality, with Manchu script inscribed on both the left and right sides of the reverse. |
| Type 5 | Shunzhi 17th-18th (AD 1660-1661) | Coins minted by various regional mints feature Manchu script on the left side of the reverse and Chinese characters on the right side to indicate the minting authority. |
物件編號: A1061-2
年代: 公元 1660-1661 年
材質: 黃銅
尺寸: 27.0 x 26.9 x 1.0 mm
重量: 3.95 g
製造地: 臨清鎮局
來源:
1. 諾南斯 2022
2. 大衛.萊斯利.福布斯.西利舊藏
這是清朝入關的首任皇帝順治所鑄造的「順治通寶」，鑄造地點為山東省臨清直隸州。這枚錢幣形制為典型的方孔錢，材質為黃銅。錢幣正面按上、下、右、左順序，依序鐫刻漢字「順治通寶」四字。錢幣背後左右兩側，依序以滿文「ᠯᠯᡳᠨ」(臨)和漢文「臨」標示鑄造地點。且從錢幣背面風格來判斷，能知道這枚錢幣為第五式。
這枚錢幣跟本館的另一枚收藏相比，其背面的滿漢銘文較為短粗。
山東一省於清代的鑄錢始於順治2年(公元1645年)，於山東臨清直隸州設立臨清鎮局，簡稱為「寶臨局」。作為山東省會的濟南府，則是直到順治6年(公元1649年)才設立山東省局，簡稱「寶東局」。康熙14年(公元1675年)，寶臨局業務全劃歸於寶東局就此走入歷史。
順治皇帝統治的18年間，其鑄造的順治通寶按照背面版式，總計有五大種類：
| 版型 | 時間 | 特色 |
| 第一式 | 順治元年至2年 (公元1644至1645年) | 背面沒有任何銘文 |
| 第二式 | 順治2年至8年 (公元1645至1651年) | 背面為單一個漢字，標示鑄造單位 |
| 第三式 | 順治10年至14年 (公元1653至1657年) | 背面為兩組漢字，左側「厘」為錢幣得折算的白銀，右側則為鑄造單位 |
| 第四式 | 順治14年至18年 (公元1657至1661年) | 中央的戶部和工部鑄造，較為精美，背面的左右兩側皆為滿文 |
| 第五式 | 順治17年至18年 (公元1660至1661年) | 各地鑄錢局鑄造，背面的左側以滿文，右側則以漢文標示鑄造單位 |
