Item number: A230

Year: AD 1915

Material: Gold

Size: 40.1 x 40.1 x 1.0 mm

Weight: 11.0 g

Manufactured by: Münze Österreich

Provenance: Private Collecor, Taiwan, 2016

This coin is a gold coin with a denomination of 4 ducats issued by the Austro-Hungarian Empire in the year AD 1915.

On the obverse side of the coin, there is a portrait of Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria-Hungary, wearing a laurel wreath and traditional attire, facing right. The Latin inscription around the portrait translates to: “Francis Joseph I, by the grace of God, Emperor of Austria.”

On the reverse side, there is the double-headed eagle coat of arms of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in the centre, with the denomination of the coin enclosed within brackets below. Surrounding the coat of arms are Latin inscriptions denoting the various territories ruled by Emperor Franz Joseph I. Starting from the upper right corner and moving clockwise, these territories are the Kingdom of Hungary, the Crown Lands of Bohemia, the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, the Kingdom of Illyria, and the Grand Duchy of Austria.

In the year AD 1848, after Franz Joseph I assumed control of the Austrian Empire, he initiated industrialisation and the development of modern infrastructure such as railways. To address the challenges posed by the rising tide of nationalism across Europe since the 19th century, Franz Joseph I restructured the empire into the Austro-Hungarian Dual Monarchy, granting equal rights to the Hungarian nobility within its borders.

However, in the summer of AD 1914, the Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the throne, was assassinated during a visit to Sarajevo by Serbian nationalist extremists. This event triggered the outbreak of World War I. The Austro-Hungarian Empire, along with Germany, formed the Central Powers, opposing the Allies led by Britain, France, the United States, and Russia.

In AD 1916, Emperor Franz Joseph I passed away, and the empire struggled until AD 1918 when it declared surrender. After the war, inspired by President Woodrow Wilson’s “Fourteen Points,” various ethnic groups within the Austro-Hungarian Empire gradually declared independence. The once-prominent Habsburg family’s empire, rooted in European history, came to an end.

物件編號: A230

年代: 公元 1915 年

材料: 黃金

尺寸: 40.1 x 40.1 x 1.0 mm

重量: 11.0 g

製造地: 奧地利鑄幣廠

來源: 臺灣私人收藏 2016

此硬幣為公元1915年，奧地利帝國發行之面額4達克特的金幣。

金幣正面是時任奧匈二元君主帝國皇帝的法蘭茲·約瑟夫一世頭戴月桂花環，身穿華服的右側肖像。周圍的拉丁文銘字意思是: 「法蘭茲·約瑟夫一世，蒙上帝的恩典，奧地利皇帝」。背面中央是奧地利帝國的雙頭鷹國徽，下方的括弧內則是硬幣的面額。周圍拉丁文銘字是供奉法蘭茲·約瑟夫一世的不同領地稱呼，從右上方順時針出發依序為: 匈牙利王國、波希米亞王冠領地、加利西亞和洛多梅里亞王國、伊利里亞王國和奧地利大公國。

公元1848年法蘭茲·約瑟夫一世接手奧地利帝國後，陸續推動工業化和鋪設鐵路等現代設備。為解決19世紀起，歐洲大陸風起雲湧的民族主義對於帝國的挑戰，法蘭茲·約瑟夫一世將帝國改制為奧匈二元君主帝國，賦予境內的匈牙利貴族平等的權益。然而公元1914年夏，王儲斐迪南大公訪視塞拉耶佛時遭塞爾維亞民族主義者刺殺，旋即引發第一次世界大戰。奧匈帝國跟德國共組同盟國對抗英法美俄為首的協約國。公元1916年皇帝法蘭茲·約瑟夫一世過世，其帝國苦撐到公元1918年宣告投降。戰後在美國總統威爾遜《十四點原則》刺激下，奧匈帝國內的各民族陸續獨立，宣告該發源自歐洲最為顯赫哈布斯堡家族的帝國走入歷史。