Item number: A1277

Year: AD 1890

Material: Gold

Size: 21.0 x 21.0 x 1.2 mm

Weight: 6.4 g

Manufactured by: Royal Mint of Spain

Provenance: Fuchin Coin 2024

This is a 20-Peseta gold coin issued in AD 1890 during the reign of Spain’s young King Alfonso XIII, who was only four years old at the time and had not yet assumed personal rule.

The obverse features a right-facing portrait of the infant Alfonso XIII. Along the upper edge is the Spanish inscription “ALFONSO XIII POR LA G· DE DIOS,” meaning “Alfonso XIII by the Grace of God.” Below the portrait is the year “1890,” flanked by six-pointed stars, which serve as the mint mark for the Royal Spanish Mint in Madrid. Just below the king’s left shoulder, the tiny initials “G· S·” represent the signature of the engraver, Gregorio Sellán González.

The reverse of the coin displays the Spanish royal coat of arms, featuring a shield backed by an ermine mantle and encircled by the Order of the Golden Fleece chain. Along the upper edge is the Spanish inscription “REY CONSTL. DE ESPAÑA” (Constitutional King of Spain), while the denomination and mintmark are inscribed at the bottom: “M·P· 20 PESETAS ·M·” (20 Pesetas). The coin’s edge is decorated with fleur-de-lis motifs, symbolising the Bourbon dynasty.

Alfonso XIII was the posthumous son of the former King Alfonso XII and was raised under the regency of his mother, Queen Maria Christina of Austria. During her regency, Spain went to war with the United States, resulting in the loss of all Spanish colonies in the Americas and Asia. Alfonso XIII assumed full royal powers in AD 1902 at the age of sixteen.

In AD 1931, parliamentary elections brought anti-monarchist Republicans to power, prompting Alfonso XIII to abdicate, and Spain subsequently established the Second Republic. However, a brutal civil war soon followed, culminating in a conservative military victory under Franco’s leadership. Despite this outcome, Alfonso XIII was never able to return to Spain and passed away in exile in Rome in AD 1941.

物件編號: A1277

年代: 公元 1890 年

材質: 黃金

尺寸: 21.0 x 21.0 x 1.2 mm

重量: 6.4 g

製造地: 西班牙皇家造幣廠

來源: 福君錢幣 2024

這是一枚公元1890年，年僅4歲且尚未親政的新任西班牙國王阿方索十三世任內發行的面額20比塞塔金幣。錢幣正面是阿方索十三世襁褓之際的右側肖像，上緣的西班牙銘文「ALFONSO XIII POR LA G· DE DIOS」意思是「蒙上帝恩典的阿方索十三世」，下方則是兩側以六芒星裝飾的年份「1890」，六芒星為位於馬德里的西班牙皇家造幣廠戳記。人像肩膀的左下方有「G· S·」迷你字樣，即雕刻家格雷戈里奧·塞蘭·岡薩雷斯的姓名戳記。

錢幣背面為西班牙王室的家徽，一個以貂皮斗篷為背景的盾牌和金羊毛項鍊。家徽的上緣為西班牙文「REY CONSTL. DE ESPAÑA」(西班牙的立憲君王)，下緣則是面額和鑄造地點的縮寫「M·P· 20 PESETAS ·M·」(20比塞塔)。錢幣側邊則有象徵波旁王室的百合紋飾。

阿方索十三世為前任國王阿方索十二世的遺腹子，由母后奧地利的瑪麗亞·克里斯蒂娜垂簾聽政，該段時間西班牙和美國爆發戰爭，西班牙喪失其在美洲和亞洲的所有殖民地。阿方索十三世直到公元1902年，方才以十六歲之齡親政。公元1931年，西班牙新一輪的議會選舉由反對君主制的共和派勢力勝出，阿方索十三世宣布退位，西班牙旋即成立第二共和國。然而西班牙隨即爆發慘烈的內戰，即便最終由佛朗哥主導的保守派軍政府勝出，阿方索十三世也未能歸國，最終於公元1941年病逝於羅馬。