Item number: M261

Year: AD 1886-2024 (present)

Material: Silver, Silver-Gilt and Enamel

Size: order 129.4 x 51.4 x 9.0 / star 93.7 x 94.6 x 17.2 mm

Weight: order 29.8 / star 77.1 g

Provenance: Künker 2024

This set of objects is the breast badge and star of the grand officer class of the Order of the Dragon of Annam, conferred after AD 1896 by the Emperor of Annam. The order was awarded for the services to the state, the French colonial government, or the emperor.

The breast badge is an eight-pointed silver gilt star with diamond cut rays emanating from a central medallion of blue enamel, bearing four characters in Annamese writing “Dong-Khang Hoang-De (同慶皇帝)” in gold, and four figures representing radiant suns, also in gold, encircled by a band of red enamel outlined in gold. It is topped by an imperial crown, with a green enamel dragon forming the suspension ring above. The ribbon with a rosette is red with orange edges, indicating it was conferred by the Emperor of Annam after AD 1896. The presence of the rosette suggests it belongs to the officer class.

The star consists of a hexadecagram formed by multiple diamond cut rays, lacking gold plating compared to the breast badge. Around the central blue enamel disc, there is a red-faced green dragon coiled around it.

The Order of the Dragon of Annam can be categorised into four types:

It comprised five classes, structured akin to the Legion of Honour. Also, according to the Đại Nam thực lục, specific terms were given to recipients:

The recipient of this order is Brigadier General Albert de Fauque de Jonquières of the French Colonial Infantry Regiment. At the age of 19, he enlisted in the French Colonial Infantry Regiment and participated in World War I, during which he sustained severe injuries to his hand and shoulder. Subsequently, he undertook missions in French protectorates, including Syria, Lebanon, and French Indochina. Albert de Fauque de Jonquières dedicated his entire career to the military, retiring in AD 1948 to engage in industrial and diplomatic intelligence missions upon his return to France.

The historical context of the Order of the Dragon of Annam is rooted in the French conquest of Vietnam (AD 1858–AD 1885), a protracted conflict between the Second French Empire, subsequently the French Third Republic, and the Vietnamese empire of Đại Nam. In AD 1885, the French emerged victorious, annexing Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia into French Indochina in AD 1887.

The Tonkin expedition (AD 1883-AD 1885) enabled France to establish a protectorate over Annam, situated between Tonkin and Cochinchina, on June 6, AD 1884. In recognition of this alliance, Emperor Dong Khanh instituted the Imperial Order of the Dragon of Annam on March 14, AD 1886, to honour the civil and military contributions of Annamites and foreigners. It was renamed as the Order of the Dragon of Annam in AD 1896.

By decree on May 10, AD 1896, it was incorporated as one of France’s colonial Orders and renamed as Order of the Dragon of Annam, to be awarded interchangeably by either the Emperor of Annam or the French government. Subsequent regulations, from July 14, AD 1933, mandated that appointees must be at least 29 years old and possess a minimum of nine years of civil or military service or professional practise, with overseas service duration being factored in at double or triple its actual duration, contingent upon its nature. Abolished by the communists on May 5, AD 1950, along with other colonial orders, following France’s grant of independence to Vietnam in AD 1949, the Imperial Order of the Dragon of Annam was reinstated on October 30, AD 2002, by Prince Bửu Chánh as the provisional Grandmaster under the auspices of the Imperial Nguyễn Dynasty of Vietnam, by the Chapters and Articles of the Order’s constitution. Religious ceremonies marking the revival of the Order were also conducted as per the desires of the Imperial Nguyễn Family.

The precise date of bestowal for this Order of the Dragon of Annam is unknown; however, throughout Europe, including badges awarded by France during World War II, the majority were locally manufactured. Furthermore, compared to dragons on other insignias, this Order of the Dragon of Annam exhibits a notably unique design. Additionally, the craftsmanship of the ribbon on the medal appears relatively crude. These clues suggest that this order was likely manufactured locally in Annam.

物件編號: M261

年代: 公元 1886-2024 年 (迄今)

材質: 銀, 銀鍍金和琺瑯

尺寸: 勳章 129.4 x 51.4 x 9.0 / 星章 93.7 x 94.6 x 17.2 mm

重量: 勳章 29.8 / 星章 77.1 g

來源: 昆克 2024

該物件為大軍官級別的安南之龍勳章，包含一枚星章和軍官級別的胸綬勳章，於公元1896年後由安南皇帝授予，旨在獎勵對國家、法國殖民政府或皇帝的服務與貢獻。

該胸綬勳章是一枚以切割為鑽石質感的射線組成的銀鍍金八角星，從中央的藍色琺瑯發散，其飾有金色的安南文字「同慶皇帝」，以及四個代表太陽的金色圖案，四周是金色格紋的紅色琺瑯圈。它的頂部是一頂帝國皇冠，上方是一條綠色琺瑯龍形成的懸掛環。緞帶是紅色的，邊緣是橘色的，顯示此獎章在公元1896年後由安南皇帝授予的，而玫瑰花結的則代表它屬於軍官階級。

星章則為更多射線組成的十六角星，與勳章相比無鍍金，而中央藍色琺瑯圓盤的周圍有一隻紅面綠龍盤繞。

安南之龍勳章可根據緞帶顏色分為四種類型：

其包括五個等級，結構類似榮譽軍團。根據《大南寔錄》授獎者有特殊的稱謂：

此枚勳章的獲獎者是法國殖民地軍隊的准將Albert de Fauque de Jonquieres。他19歲時加入了法國殖民地步兵團，並參與了第一次世界大戰。戰爭期間，他的手和肩膀受到嚴重傷害。之後，他先後在法國的保護國執行任務，包括敘利亞、黎巴嫩和印度支那等地。Albert de Fauque de Jonquieres將一生奉獻給軍隊，直到1948年才離開軍隊回到法國，從事工業和外交情報任務。

此勳章的歷史背景源於法國征服越南（公元1858年至1885年）的事件，這是一場長期衝突，涉及第二帝國和後來的法蘭西第三共和國，以及越南大南帝國。公元1885年，法國取得勝利，將越南、老撾和柬埔寨併入了公元1887年成立的法屬印度支那。

東京遠征（公元1883至1885年）使法國得以於公元1884年6月6日在東京和扣克欽之間建立對安南的保護國。為表彰這一聯盟，同慶皇帝於公元1886年3月14日創立了皇家安南之龍勳章，旨在表彰安南人和外國人的民事和軍事服務。

根據公元1896年5月10日的法令，它成為殖民地勳章之一，更名為安南之龍勳章，可以由安南皇帝或法國政府隨意頒發。從公元1933年7月14日起，新的規定要求任命者必須至少29歲，並且必須具有至少九年的文職或軍事服役或專業實踐，海外服役的時間被計為其實際時間的兩倍或三倍，取決於其性質。由於法國於公元1949年承認越南獨立，安南之龍勳章與其他殖民地勳章一起於公元1950年5月5日被共產主義者廢除。 公元2002年10月30日，安南之龍勳章由阮朝王子阮福寶正根據獎章憲章的章節和條文重新建立，相關的宗教儀式亦在皇室的要求下舉行。

此枚安南之龍勳章確切的授予時間未知，然而，在整個歐洲，包含法國在二戰期間頒發的徽章大多數都是本地製造的，且相較於其他星章上的龍，這枚安南之龍星章的外形相當獨特。此外，勳章上的綬帶做工也相對粗糙。這些線索顯示該枚勳章很可能是在安南本地製造的。