Bavaria Kingdom King Otto

Gold Coin 20 Mark

Item number: A193

Year: AD 1895

Material: Gold

Size: 22.1 x 22.1 mm

Manufactured by: Bavarian Mint

Provenance: Fuchin Coin 2024

This coin was issued in AD 1895 during the reign of King Otto of Bavaria, representing a 20 mark denomination from the Kingdom of Bavaria.

The obverse features a profile portrait of King Otto, encircled by the German inscription “OTTO KOENIG VON BAYERN,” indicating “Otto, King of Bavaria.” Below the portrait is the letter “D,” denoting its minting at the Bavarian Mint. The reverse showcases the royal coat of arms of the German Empire, surrounded by the inscription “DEUTSCHES REICH,” translating to “German Empire,” along with the year of minting and denomination, “1895 20 MARK.”

Coat of arms:
The coat of arms of the German Empire prominently features a black eagle with outstretched wings, its head turned left, adorned with a red beak, tongue, and talons, and topped with the imperial crown of Germany. Around its neck, the eagle wears the collar of the Order of the Black Eagle. On its chest, it bears a round shield displaying the Prussian eagle, which holds a sceptre and orb, each symbol of royal authority, and also wears a crown, with another shield on its chest. This specific design was in use from AD 1871 until AD 1918.

The Bavarian Mint, located in Munich, is a national minting facility established in AD 1158. It produces both domestic and international circulation coins and is one of Germany’s four major mints. Since AD 1871, the letter “D” has been used to mark coins minted at this facility.

This gold coin was issued during the reign of King Otto of Bavaria, who ruled from AD 1886 to AD 1913. Due to severe mental illness, Otto never actively governed; his uncle Luitpold and cousin Ludwig served as regents. In AD 1913, Ludwig formally deposed Otto, becoming King Ludwig III. Otto’s mental health deteriorated further after the Franco-Prussian War. Although signs of recovery appeared in AD 1894, he remained secluded until his death in AD 1916, with the public only glimpsing him through press photographs.

巴伐利亞王國 鄂圖

20馬克金幣

物件編號: A193

年代: 公元 1895 年

材質: 黃金

尺寸: 22.1 x 22.1 mm

製造地: 巴伐利亞造幣廠

來源: 福君錢幣 2024

此枚為巴伐利亞王國於公元1895年,國王鄂圖在位期間發行的金幣,面額為20馬克。

硬幣的正面為國王鄂圖的側面肖像,周圍環繞著以德文刻有銘文「 OTTO KOENIG VON BAYERN 」,意為巴伐利亞國王鄂圖,肖像的下方刻有字母「 D 」,標示此硬幣為巴伐利亞造幣廠所鑄造。硬幣背面的中央刻有德意志帝國的王室徽章,周圍刻有德文銘文「DEUTSCHES REICH」,為德意志帝國之意,以及該硬幣鑄造的公元年份和面額「1895 20 MARK」。

王室徽章:
德意志第二帝國的王室徽章主體為一隻展翅的黑色老鷹,頭部朝左,有著紅色的喙、舌和腳,頭頂上有德意志帝國的皇冠,老鷹的脖子圍有黑鷹勳章的項鍊,黑鷹的胸前有一面圓形盾牌,盾牌上繪有一隻普魯士鷹,爪上分別握有權杖和王權寶球,頭上戴著皇冠,胸前同樣還有一面盾牌。這種樣式的徽章從公元1871年一直被使用到公元1918年。

巴伐利亞造幣廠是位於慕尼黑的一家國家造幣廠,成立於公元1158年,負責生產國內外的流通貨幣,是德國四大鑄幣廠之一。自公元1871年起,巴伐利亞鑄幣廠一直使用字母D作為該鑄幣廠的記號。

此枚金幣為巴伐利亞王國的國王鄂圖在位期間發行的流通貨幣。鄂圖從公元1886年到公元1913年擔任巴伐利亞國王,但由於嚴重的精神疾病而從未積極統治,由他的叔叔柳特波德和表弟路德維希擔任攝政王。公元1913年,路德維希正式廢黜鄂圖,成為國王路德維希三世。普法戰爭後,鄂圖的精神健康狀況惡化。儘管於公元1894年出現了康復的跡象,但他一直與世隔絕,直到公元1916年去世,許多人民才得以透過記者的相片一窺鄂圖的樣貌。

類似/相同物件 請看:

臺灣 國立歷史博物館 National Museum of History

https://collections.culture.tw/nmh_collectionsweb/collection.aspx?GID=M6M7MDMZM7M2

美國國家歷史博物館 National Museum of American History

https://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/nmah_1945403

PCGS 官網

https://www.pcgsasia.com/cert/36602073

更多相關訊息請參考:

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Otto-king-of-Bavaria

https://hauptmuenzamt.bayern/geschichte/

https://webarchiv.bundestag.de/archive/2016/0905/htdocs_e/bundestag/symbols/eagle.html

https://jfk.artifacts.archives.gov/people/3238/bavarian-state-mint

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