Order of Saints
Maurice and Lazarus (Full Size),
Commander Class
指揮官級聖莫里斯
和拉撒路勳章(官方版)
Item number: M162
Year: AD 1869-1946
Material: Gold, Silver and Enamel
The results after XRF testing
Treflè cross | Percentage % | Crown | Percentage % |
Au | 68.233 % | Au | 32.71 % |
Ag | 17.625 % | Ag | 10.091 % |
Cu | 11.95 % | Cu | 1.04 % |
Pb | 27.622 % | ||
Ir | 8.966 % | ||
Re | 1.906 % | ||
Se | 1.215 % |
Size: 51.2 x 81.9 x 7.7 mm
Weight: 31.45 g
Provenance: Liverpool Medals 2022
In AD 1869, the ruling Savoy royal family of the Kingdom of Italy merged the long-standing Orders of Saint Maurice and Saint Lazarus to establish the kingdom’s second highest honour, the “Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus,” comprising a total of five ranks.(See Table)
Ranks of Order | Number of annual awards (AD 1929) | Way of wearing |
Knight Grand Cross | 6 | Order with sash, with breast Star |
1 Class Commander | 27 | Order with cravat, with breast Star |
Commander | 96 | Order with cravat |
Officer | 243 | Order with ribbon |
Knight | 642 | Order with ribbon, without crown decoration |
The Commander rank of the Order is worn with a neck ribbon, and the overall design of the order reflects its rich historical heritage. The green enamel Maltese cross, derived from the Order of Saint Lazarus, and the white Treflè cross, inherited from the Order of Saint Maurice, are prominently displayed on the order. The appearance and decorations on both sides of the order are identical. Above the trefoil cross, there is a crown decoration, and the order is suspended by a ring suspension attachment to a ribbon in apple green.
The Order of Saint Lazarus was founded during the Crusades in the Holy Land of Jerusalem, with the primary mission of caring for leprosy patients. After the Crusades, the Order gradually returned to the Italian Peninsula and was incorporated under the patronage of the Savoy Dukes. Saint Maurice, on the other hand, is the patron saint of the Savoy Duchy, and legend has it that this black African leader martyred himself by refusing to obey the Roman emperor’s orders to suppress Christians. In AD 1434, Duke Amadeus VIII of Savoy, upon his retirement, established the Order in the name of Saint Maurice. This is why, in the mid-19th century, the Savoy family, upon founding the Kingdom of Italy, held Saint Maurice and Lazarus in such high esteem.
Since AD 1869, the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus has been considered a national honour in Italy. In AD 1929, regulations were further established regarding the annual allocation of the various ranks of the Order. It wasn’t until AD 1946, after the Kingdom of Italy was transformed into a republic through a referendum, that the status of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus as a national honour officially ended. However, the Order continued to be awarded as a private distinction by the House of Savoy, with members of the Order spread across various regions including the Americas and Europe.
物件編號: M162
年代: 公元 1869-1946 年
材質: 黃金, 銀和琺瑯
XRF分析結果
三葉草十字架 | 比例 | 皇冠 | 比例 |
金 | 68.233 % | 金 | 32.71 % |
銀 | 17.625 % | 銀 | 10.091 % |
銅 | 11.95 % | 銅 | 1.04 % |
鉛 | 27.622 % | ||
銥 | 8.966 % | ||
錸 | 1.906 % | ||
硒 | 1.215 % |
尺寸: 51.2 x 81.9 x 7.7 mm
重量: 31.45 g
來源: 利物浦獎章 2022
這是公元1869年,統率義大利王國的薩伏伊王室,將歷史悠久的「聖莫里斯」、「聖拉撒路」兩個騎士團合併後,創立王國第二等殊榮的「聖莫里斯和拉撒路勳章」,總計有五個等級。(見下表)
勳章等級 | 年度頒發數量 (公元 1929 年) | 配戴方式 |
騎士大十字級 | 6 | 大綬,附有星章 |
一等指揮官級 | 27 | 領綬,附有星章 |
指揮官級 | 96 | 領綬 |
軍官級 | 243 | 胸綬 |
騎士級 | 642 | 胸綬,沒有皇冠裝飾 |