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Trials of Imperial Order of the
Southern Cross(Full Size),
Grand Cross, Empire of Brazil, Type 1
巴西帝國時期
第一版大十字級
帝國南十字勳章範版(官方版)
Item number: M131 / M132
Year: AD 1822-1891
Material: Lead
Size: star 76.7 x 76.7 x 5.2 / order 41.7 x 58.3 x 6.5 mm
Weight: 60.3 / 34.4 g
Provenance: Morton and Eden 2023
These two items are the lead trials of the Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of the Southern Cross of the Brazilian Empire, one being the star worn on the breast and the other being the order suspended from the grand sash. The trials were made of clay or lead, inexpensive materials, to ensure that there were no flaws in the casting moulds. Once confirmed without errors, they were then replicated using materials such as gold, silver, and copper.
The appearance of the star features a pentagram surrounded by a laurel wreath, with each of the five points having two peaks. In the centreof the star on the obverse side, there is the left-facing portrait of the first monarch of the Brazilian Empire, Emperor Pedro I. The order suspended from the grand sash, worn by recipients of the officer and knight classes, follows the same design as the star, with the only difference being the wearing position on the sash. There is no significant difference in appearance between the order and the star, except for the addition of a royal crown symbolisingthe monarchy at the top.
On December 1, AD 1822, Pedro I, with the support of the colony, declared independence from Portuguese rule and was crowned as the Emperor of the newly established Brazilian Empire. On the same day, he created the first decoration of this new nation, the Imperial Order of the Southern Cross. Due to the geographical feature of the Southern Cross constellation being visible, it became a national symbol, used on the Brazilian flag and on this order. The order has a total of six grades, and in AD 1891, after the overthrow of the monarchy by the republican government, this order was briefly abolished. It was reinstated and maintained with its six grades under the name “National Order of the Southern Cross” in AD 1932. As of the year AD 2024, this order remains the highest honour bestowed in Brazil. (See Table)
Grades of Order
Way of wearing
Grand Collar
Order with collar, with a breast Star
Grand Cross
Order with grand sash, with a breast Star
Grand Officer
Order with cravat
Commander
Order with cravat
Officer
Order with ribbon
Knight
Order with ribbon
物件編號: M131 / M132
年代: 公元 1822-1891
材質: 鉛
尺寸: 星章 76.7 x 76.7 x 5.2 / 勳章 41.7 x 58.3 x 6.5 mm